that seems to haunt the eyes, the portrait takes rank, in at least its excellence of ideality, with any other example. giving an account of it, alleged that it had been discovered As all the world knows, this is erected in the chancel of the Church of Holy Trinity in his native town of Stratford-on-Avon. It is inscribed with the sitter's age, 46 … as a protest against Malone's offence : In the first place, the 'Droeshout' engraving was executed by a skilful artist whose profession it was to 'draw from the life'; whereas the 'Chandos' portrait is only supposed to The Shakespeare presented to us in the Chandos portrait, in contrast, seems a bit seedy. perhaps, the prominent physical trait. One runs from top to bottom on the right-hand side, passing the sitter's ear and curving gently at the bottom where it borders the sitter's left wing. Nevertheless, its discovery was hailed with enthusiasm, and what purported to be an undoubted clue to a mystery more than two centuries "Yes, it had been altered to make it look more like Shakespeare… Too little regard has been paid to this aspect of the life and work of Shakespeare; and one has only to consider for a moment, in connection with the absurd heresy as to the authorship of the plays, to find how futile is the endeavour to assign that authorship to a man built physically and temperamentally on such lines as was Bacon.  Shakespeare Hits the Big Time, King James I of England: Shakespeare's Patron, The Earl of Southampton: Shakespeare's Patron, Shakespeare's Pathos - General Introduction, Alchemy and Astrology in Shakespeare's Day, Shakespeare's Contemporaries: Top Five Greatest, Shakespeare's Reputation in Elizabethan England, Life in Stratford (structures and guilds), Life in Stratford (trades, laws, furniture, hygiene). It is believed that when Shakespeare died, on the 23rd April 1616 (o.s. He bought it in 1770. Like so much else connected with Shakespeare, the history A study conducted by the Folgers Library in the mid 1940s, I believe, proved this beyond a doubt. Also dismissed is the so-called Janssen portrait, which belongs to the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington. If brought to London for exhibition, where it secured many The tiny, colorful paintings start at upper left with a print by William Marshall from the 1640 Poems of Shakespeare, followed at upper right by the Janssen portrait, formerly attributed to Cornelius Janssen; the Martin Droeshout engraving from the 1623 First Folio takes pride of place at the center, with the 18th-century artist Ozias Humphry’s version of the Chandos portrait, once owned by the Dukes of … In the third place, there is the suggestive fact that between the Stratford bust and the 'Droeshout' engraving there are certain striking correspondences, not so observable Versions: Spielmann lists the chief "copies" as the "Buckston" or "Duke of Kingston," which he believes to be early 18th century; the "Croker"; the "Staunton" (see no. The “Janssen” or “Somerset portrait” is in many respects the most interesting painted likeness of Shakespeare, and undoubtedly the finest of all the paintings in the series. Here you are! Please consult Curator for assistance. Nearly fifty years after, Mr. Malone, well known in his day as an enthusiastic admirer and commentator of Shakespeare, bethought him that the bust required further The 'Felton' Portrait  Preface to The First Folio Whether the portrait had its original home in London or elsewhere is unknown; but, like the 'Becker' mask, it, too, was taken to the Metropolis for public exhibition. by those who declared they held, in the possession of the speaks eloquently of the painter's lofty conception of the  Shakespeare's Pathos - General Introduction poet's features. Today, the "Janssen Portrait" is no longer thought to represent Shakespeare and has been retitled "Portrait of an Unknown Gentleman, possibly Thomas Overbury" (also see 17.3.756-2422). The Chandos portrait of Shakespeare is named after its owners, the Dukes of Chandos. The 'Jansen' Portrait  King James I of England: Shakespeare's Patron It will, however, speak for itself as to this. portrait and the 'Felton Head' also, as they suggest so much that is akin to my own individual leanings with regard to the matter of Shakespeare's physiognomy, but I must original character and greatly injuring the expression of the face.' Other titles it has borne are the Jennens Portrait of Shakespeare, the Ut Magus Portrait, the Hamilton, the Rupert, the Somerset, the Balstrode, and the Ramsden. How to cite this article: profits of a representation of the play of Othello by a company of actors 'strolling' by Stratford-on-Avon at the time. of this portrait — when, and by whom, and for whom painted The Janssen Portrait... 357x465 0 0. Throughout this study I’ve seen the most outrageous claims made for portraits that contradict the evidence of my own eyes. than in almost any other portrait, but still a fine, full, broad The Janssen portrait, to which the Cobbe bears some resemblance, is in the Folger Shakespeare Library’s collection. identified with his great contemporary in this interesting picture was taken back to Stratford, where it has ever since 1. Its history is curious, if for nothing more than the fact that the name, 'Gul Shakespear,' and the date, '1597,' together with the initials, R. B.,' traced on entertaining an account of it as to induce Mr. Engravings: See Pressly Catalogue, p. 293. A Zoust's Portrait Shakespeare himself left no description of his appearance nor can any evidence be found that he commissioned a portrait. believe in it as a true likeness of Shakespeare. The forehead is connection. omit any details regarding them, as they can only be considered as more or less doubtful if not ideal portraits. found a place of honour and safety. that some were so affected by the sight that they burst Also dismissed is the so-called Janssen portrait, which belongs to the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington. Even an authority like Sir Thomas Lawrence voted in its favour. Derby’s death was sudden. Similarly, the Cobbe portrait is really the Janssen portrait and is not a portrait of Shakespeare at all but rather a portrait of Thomas Overbury. Was the Cobbe Portrait, in fact, the original portrait from which the Janssen Portrait was created as a copy? At the time of its exhibition a newspaper warfare was waged over the question with results that, on the whole, were unfavourable to the pretensions of the portrait. After having been exhibited in London, the The 'Dunford' Portrait local artist, who either painted it to satisfy his own or And in this twofold consideration, where can we find his equal in the records of human history? The Chandos Shakespeare’s hair and beard suffer from a certain amount of deferred maintenance. It was claimed for it that it at It has, she said, the strongest claim of any of the known contenders to be a true portrait of Shakespeare, six of which go on show today at the gallery's Searching for Shakespeare exhibition. retirement at Stratford. who went to see it, three thousand declared their belief in its originality.' mask, the only key to its solution. The Chandos Portrait of Shakespeare On 16 April 1594 -- Ferdinando Stanley, Lord Strange, 5th Earl of Derby died. Page for Scribner's Magazine of May 1876. Shakespeare Online. As its name would seem to imply, the 'Jansen' portrait was the production of a foreigner. FOLGER SHAKESPEARE LIBRARY. whom, or by Richard Burbage, it was painted. have been painted by one or other of two men whose calling was that of the player. It is a remarkable circumstance that not a few of the likenesses of Shakespeare should have been executed by others than his own countrymen. The picture was left by the former in his will to Sir William D'Avenant. the details of his work, though modelling mainly from the mask taken after the poet's death. As nothing was These lines declare as follows: According to the catalogue of the National Portrait Gallery, where the relic is now safeguarded, 'The 'Chandos' portrait was the property of John Taylor, the player, by The Hampton Court portrait, whoever it is, was certainly not Oxford, no matter what kind of a sword he was holding. It bears to have been painted when Shakespeare was in his thirty-third year, and it is recorded Physical Description (Hamnet): 1 painting on panel, irregular : oil ; 55.9 x 43.4 cm. work were, it is interesting to note, defrayed out of the In the 'Jansen' portrait, so called from the name of the painter, Cornelius Jansen, it is quite possible that we have a picture of Shakespeare that shows him as he appeared about his forty- sixth year, and when approaching, if not already arrived at, the summit of his physical and intellectual strength and glory. ...Shakespeare was not only a phenomenon in point of intellectual genius, but he must also have been superbly gifted in the matter of physique. Media in category "Portrait paintings of William Shakespeare" The following 41 files are in this category, out of 41 total. Ashbourne portrait ShakespeareHamersley.jpg 1,846 × 2,390; 744 KB ADVERTISEMENT. Give the style and costume, the date 1610 may well be correct). The Bust of Shakespeare  Queen Elizabeth: Shakespeare's Patron Originally coloured over to resemble life, a custom of the period, the bust was never once restored or touched up made to order, to do duty as a common tavern-sign! The Shakespeare game, or, The mystery of the great phoenix User Review - Not Available - Book Verdict. The first known owner of the Janssen portrait was a certain Charles Jennens who lived in Leicestershire. to Shakespeare. 161); the "Duke of Anhalt," which is stated as having been executed in England in 1763-64; the "Earl of Darnley"; and the "Marsden.". between the bust and the 'Chandos' portrait, that have led the best authorities to infer that the sculptor of the bust in all probability had the engraving before him while executing  London's First Public Playhouse It is also possible that the likeness was painted as a Apart from the question of authenticity, it is safe to say that the likeness of Shakespeare known under the name of the 'Felton Head' is one that will probably fascinate the The Janssen Portrait (so-called because it was once attributed to the artist Cornelius Janssen) usually dwelt in the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington DC (and is, therefore, often referred to as the Folger Portrait). flush and heyday of his early manhood and strength. The Chandos is the portrait that, ever since the Janssen acquired its natural hairline in 1988, has been the favored image for representing Shakespeare on book jackets and the internet. The Cobbe portrait is an early Jacobean panel painting of a gentleman which has been argued to be a life portrait of William Shakespeare. Allowing for some exaggeration in the height of the forehead, a defect which has led some experts to infer that the 'Felton' portrait was in existence even before the 'Droeshout' print, and that, indeed, it served as the model for the engraver, it is assuredly a splendid portrait of Shakespeare, and The cradling consists of five vertical battens of irregular widths and spacing and five horizontal battens. Hence the name of the portrait, and such, in substance, is all that is known with certainty regarding its history. Mr. Wivell, the well-known expert, compared them carefully and concluded that the resemblance was of the kind discovered by Fluellen between Macedon and Monmouth. From Shakespeare the Player. The 'Auriol' miniature is certainly more pretentious than the 'Hilliard,' though greatly inferior as a work of art or even as a likeness of the poet. Jennens, Charles, 1700-1773, former owner. After a prolonged Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Portraits. last act of that famous tragedy. Our building on Capitol Hill is closed due to a major building renovation project, but Folger events and programs continue online. till 1635, when Shakespeare had been dead for nineteen years, his portrait must have been from a copy — probably that in the possession of Sir William D'Avenant, afterwards known as the 'Chandos' portrait. careful and loving attention; the old colours were fetched forth anew, and the monumental setting was improved and made worthy of the poet. Exhibited: Mead Art Building, Amherst College, "Shakespeare, Hamlet, and Macbeth" (no catalogue), 1951; 'As imagination bodies forth...' [paintings] Oct. 28, 1994-Feb. 15, 1994.  Publishing in Elizabethan England However, "e" is an abbreviation for "is," and the word represented is "Ætatis." renewing, and took it upon himself to 'cover it over with one or more coats of white paint, thus,' in the opinion of those who witnessed the sacrilegious act, 'at once destroying its in the forefront of the famous First Folio (1623). With Portraits of Shakespeare, Katherine Duncan-Jones poses a series of questions about the mysterious physical appearance of the brilliant writer of plays, poems, and sonnets: Why is it so difficult to find images of Shakespeare that were made during his lifetime?  Shakespeare's Portrayal of Childhood Somerset, Edward Adolphus Seymour, Duke of, 1804-1885, former owner. scrutiny of the mask, Mr. This record contains unverified data from a re-keying contract and may contain incorrect or incomplete text. Duncan-Jones selects three Shakespeare portraits—an engraving, a painting, and a bust—that she argues were almost certainly created by people who had seen Shakespeare and knew what he looked like. < http://www.shakespeare-online.com/biography/portraitsfull.html >. 108-09, n.). The dearth of early portrayals encouraged a determined search for more during the Shakespeare Revival, with the “Janssen Portrait” greeted as a promising discovery.  Worst Diseases in Shakespeare's London was named Ludwig Becker, who, writing in 1850, gave so the reverse side of the picture, indicate the likeness to have been, as some authorities believe, the handiwork of Richard Burbage, the player, who is thus for the second time After his death it was bought by Betterton, the actor, upon whose decease Mr. Keck, of the Temple, purchased it for forty guineas, from whom it was inherited by Mr. Nicholls, of Michenden House, Southgate, Middlesex, whose only daughter married James, Marquis of Carnarvon, afterwards Duke of Chandos, father of Eliza, Duchess of Buckingham.' great majority of the poet's admirers more than any other portrait. greatest poet. with the Stratford bust itself. Test results on both the Janssen Portrait (oil on oak panel, Cornelius Janssen, circa 1610-1618) and the Ashbourne Portrait (oil on canvas, Cornelius Ketel, 1611) have shown them to likely not be of William Shakespeare. The 'Droeshout' engraving bears, in the second place, the special imprimatur of Shakespeare's associate, Ben Jonson; and not only his, but it also has the endorsement of the poet's intimate friends and 'fellows,' Heminge and Condell, who were remembered in his last will and testament. In Leonardo da Vinci, perhaps. that expresses in a measure the feeling of annoyance his action created at the time.  What did Shakespeare drink? Like JPG. Provenance: Acquired by Charles Jennens of Gopsel, Leicestershire, by 1770; by descent on Jennens's death in 1773 to Penn Assheton Curzon, who had married Jennens's niece; by descent to Lord Howe, Curzon's successor? The writing of the plays (of William Shakespeare) was a sheer physical impossibility to Francis Bacon. Paintings in the Folger Shakespeare Library, 160 (Plate 24), LUNA: Folger British Book Illustrations Coll, LUNA: Folger First Folio Image Collection, LUNA: Folger Manuscript Transcriptions Colle. As that artist was not born The Chandos Portrait (1600-1610) The Chandos Portrait is one of six in the National Portrait Gallery show that have been identified or misidentified as representing William Shakespeare. In this likeness Shakespeare appears as if in the very that classic shrine have been familiar, ever delighted to gaze upon the marble image with profound admiration. that 'to the bottom of the frame of the miniature was appended a pearl, intended to infer that the original was a pearl of men.' For this unfortunate display of hero-worship Malone was severely censured, and there is at least one record extant According to his own report, Alec Cobbe visited the London National Portrait Gallery exhibition "Searching for Shakespeare" in 2006, where he saw the Janssen portrait -- … (Figure 8 – Cobbe portrait) This was identified as recently as 2009 as being of Shakespeare. Note They are therefore referred to as belonging to the latter category. In the 'Jansen' portrait, so called from the name of the painter, Cornelius Jansen, it is quite possible that we have a picture of Shakespeare that shows him as he appeared about his forty- The ground is a thin cream-colored gesso. sixth year, and when approaching, if not already arrived at, the summit of his physical and intellectual strength and glory. another's ideal. Since its reappearance in 1770, this picture has most frequently been referred to as the Janssen Portrait of Shakespeare. It is displayed at Hatchlands Park in Surrey, a National Trust property, and the portrait is so-called because of its ownership by Charles Cobbe, Church of Ireland (Anglican) Archbishop of Dublin (1686–1765). The inscription is executed in oil paint over the dark brown overpaint covering the background.  Publishing in Elizabethan England There is also a portrait of Shakespeare’s patron, the Earl of Southampton, at Hatchlands Park in Surrey, where the Cobbe portrait is on display. Some authorities believe it to have been the work of a Janssen portrait of Shakespeare [graphic]. A number of other copies or adaptations of the Chandos and Droeshout images were made in the later 17th century and early 18th century, such as William Faithorne's frontispiece of the 1655 edition of The Rape of Lucrece, and Louis Francois Roubiliac's copy of the Chandos, made as preparation for his sculpture of Shakespeare. Let us, then, consider the portraits with a view to arriving at some reasonable conclusion with regard to the main features of the physiognomy of Shakespeare. Inscribed in upper left-hand corner: "Æte 46 / 1610." When the portrait was exhibited shortly after its discovery in the year mentioned, it is recorded that 'of not more than six thousand The second crack is down the middle of the panel passing to the left of the figure's left eye.  Shakespeare's Attention to Details Ben Jonson and the Decline of the Drama In the year 1849 there was discovered at Mayence what bore to be a genuine though gruesome relic of Shakespeare, and claimed to be set almost side by side in value and interest repose fills the full, winsome eyes, and at the same time When its pretensions to genuineness were put forward early when its condition after such a lapse of time can be readily imagined. Hamilton, Duke of, d. 1819, former owner.  Alchemy and Astrology in Shakespeare's Day The Cobbe portrait. Every few years a ‘new’ portrait of Shakespeare is discovered. by Turner in mezzotinto, so sincerely did many persons However, let us first consider the Cobbe portrait. The Janssen, its original and all its other copies have been proven to be of Sir Thomas Overbury. Page declared his firm belief in its genuineness, and thereupon made from it a very interesting set of models of the features of Shakespeare, which, at the The relic itself was Taylor then left the painting to William Davenant, the man who claimed to be Shakespeare's illegitimate son. ample: somewhat less lofty than in the bust, much less so I should have liked to include the 'Stratford likeness, the 'Jansen' Some believe that Shakespeare's friend and fellow actor Richard Burbage painted it and gave it to Joseph Taylor, an actor with the King's Men. Page, a well-known artist of New York, to visit Germany and there examine this famous relic for himself. erection in the chancel of the church, the bust was probably approved by Shakespeare's relations as a good likeness, and deemed worthy of its conspicuous position and of the man — is unknown. Cargill, Alexander. Physiognomy and Portraits of Shakespeare. Which images … Main (202) 544-4600 Box Office (202) 544-7077. in a bureau which belonged to his mother, who had inherited it from her father, William Somerville the poet, and thus traced its history back to the days when the poet lived in Somerset, 11th duke of, wife of, former owner. 1 painting on panel, irregular : oil ; 55.9 x 43.4 cm. Reputed Shakespeare portrait prepares to strut upon the world stage. A calm, dignified Their claims, however, will cause controversy, especially since some experts doubt the Janssen portrait is Shakespeare. These increased in number by the later 18th century and early 19th century, including an adaptation of Droeshout by William Blake (c1800) and prints by John Goldar, Richard Austin …  The Earl of Southampton: Shakespeare's Patron in the last century, the 'Hilliard' miniature belonged to memento or token of that friendship and regard which were entertained for the poet by the Earl of Southampton almost from the outset of Shakespeare's career. The gentleman into whose possession this curiosity came Ferdinando Stanley, Lord Strange, 5th Earl of Derby: It was suspected that he … 2.  Going to a Play in Elizabethan London Like the 'Becker' mask, the 'Stratford' portrait of Shakespeare, so called from its having been discovered in 1860 in that town, is quite a modern find. Eventually, (The two small letters "te" have been misread as "fe," which would mean the painter AE made this work. executed. Indeed, the portrait that began Cobbe’s inquiry, the Folger Shakespeare Library’s Janssen portrait, is not a confirmed likeness of Shakespeare. This elegant, gentlemanly image was owned by Charles Jennens in the late 1760s and engraved by Richard Earlom for a 1770 edition of King Lear (17.3.756-1714). There is a third crack that starts at the top, 6 1/2 inches from the left edge, and ends near the right eye. Since its erection in the chancel — some time between 1616 and 1623 — the bust has experienced not a few vicissitudes. Stratford School Days: What Did Shakespeare Read. story. He was only 35 years old. One suspects the artist approached this Shakespeare’s plain collar by speculating about … 20 Aug. 2009. one time belonged to the Southampton family, but there is no evidence of this. Are you looking for the best images of William Shakespeare? Like JPG. Condition reviewed 19320000 painting was damaged when it was shipped from England, a small nail in the frame scrapping the bottom edge of the paint surface in an area of about 3/4 inch, Condition reviewed the panel consists of a single oak plank, apparently cut radially from the tree. Sir James Bland Burges, Bart., who, in a letter to a friend It is inscribed with the sitter's age, 46 … The 'Becker' Mask London: Constable and company Ltd., 1916. We collected 32+ William Shakespeare paintings in our online museum of paintings - PaintingValley.com. As is well known to all who have seen the bust, its prominent characteristic is the calm serenity and gentleness of the expression of the features, an expression The painting passed from through multiple owners and is now at the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington DC.  Shakespeare's Portrayals of Sleep The Sanders Portrait... 1538x1800 0 0. old was taken up at once and followed with rare persistence An excellent likeness of the poet, which strikingly recalls the 'Chandos' portrait, is one that was alleged to have been painted by Soest, or Zoust. however, it lost credit, and is now only remembered as an instance of that strange trait in the character of the British public, namely, its easy gullibility in matters appertaining ... rosy-cheeked, undeniably aristocratic figure bore too close a resemblance to the Janssen portrait, a … In the latter year, however, at the instance of an ancestor of the famous actress, Mrs. Siddons, it received "The Janssen portrait was believed to be of Shakespeare until the 1940s," he said yesterday. admirers and willing believers, and it is actually recorded With this likeness generations of pilgrims to There are others, also, of the Shakespearean likenesses yet to be considered that owe their origin very largely to the skill of devout admirers of the poet who were not in any way of his national kith or kin. Ramsden, Guendolen, Lady, 1846-1910, former owner. ever known as to what befell the mask after Gerard Johnson had manipulated it in the preparation of the bust — assuming it had been in his hands for that purpose — the finding of into tears! An excellent account of the history of the mask was also written by Mr. Spielmann described it in 1909 as "on panel, very roughly hewn at the back and held together by three strengthening uprights-not a recent addition-and strips of canvas glued against the two cracks" (p. 232), Conserved 19090000 Spielmann noted the repair of a damage about 2 inches long over the sitter's left eye, Conserved 19880000 original hairline restored. Painted in … Some even incline to the view that it was If the likeness known as the 'Dunford' portrait has the slightest resemblance in any particular to Shakespeare, the individual must be exceptionally gifted who can trace it. Many opinions were pronounced in favour of its genuineness, while many more unhesitatingly discredited it.  Entertainment in Elizabethan England 201 East Capitol Street, SE Washington, DC 20003 . Cornelius Janssen (1593-1661) arrived in London, England in 1618, two years after Shakespeare's death. If that inference be correct, it again further shows that the 'Droeshout' print had received the approval of the poet's relatives, and also that Heminge and Condell obtained their sanction before affixing it side by side with Ben Jonson's dedicatory lines When its claims were put forward for the first time in 1815, Mr. Dunford, the owner, assured the public that he saw in the portrait a likeness to the "Droeshout" print.' time, attracted great attention. It is certainly a genuine as well as a very beautiful picture of the period, and bears the inscription — so, then it is surely one of the best examples of the kind ever 1809; at the duke's death in 1819 passed to his daughter, the wife of the eleventh duke of Somerset; by descent to the twelfth duke of Somerset in 1855; by descent to his daughter, Lady Guendolen Ramsden of Bulstrode, Gerrard's Cross, in 1885; by descent to Sir John Ramsden; his sale, Christie, Manson & Woods, Auctioneers, 8 King St., St. James's Square, London, 27-30 May 1932, lot 65. There are two severe vertical cracks. Johnson has been credited with having done his part of the work well, since, before its The portrait is thought to have belonged initially to Shakespeare's patron, Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, and to have been copied by another artist who created the painting known as the Janssen portrait, which had already been claimed to depict Shakespeare. At some point prior to 1770 the hairline was raised. Everything about the Chandos, its history as well as the image itself, suggests that it is, in fact, a genuine portrait … Moreover, it was twice engraved name of the sculptor of the bust, Gerard or Gerald Johnson, a Hollander, has been suggested. These cracks were visible early on, as they are commented on by both Boaden in 1824 (p. 194) and Wivell in 1827 (pp. robust, almost bucolic, massiveness and compactness is, And to this end I shall only examine the two authentic portraits of the The 'Hilliard' and 'Auriol' Miniatures, The former is by far the more interesting and meritorious. Pressly, W.L. The painting appeared on an edition of King Lear, which was also published by Jennens that year. ______ it represented.  Shakespeare's Portrayal of Old Age  The Shakespeare Sisterhood - A Gallery in any way till 1748 — a century and a quarter afterwards — But for a somewhat severe and sad, if not dissatisfied, look This relic was declared to be nothing less than the mask of the face and features of the poet taken after his death in April 1616 (o.s.). The resurrection of the veritable death-mask of the immortal author of Hamlet not unnaturally suggests, as it no doubt suggested at the time, a famous scene in the brow that could only have been that of a highly gifted man. ), exactly fifty-two years of age, a cast of his features was taken— by whom is not known, though the To begin with, we have been told that it cannot possibly be a portrait of William Shakespeare. dramatist, viz., 'the Bust' and the 'Droeshout' likeness prefixed to the First Folio edition of his works. The necessary expenses of this ; purchased by Samuel Woodburn, a picture dealer, for the ninth duke of Hamilton, ca. More Resources Graphic added by Shakespeare Online editors (2014). In the old visitors' album at the Church of Holy Trinity the following lines were inscribed such an extraordinary relic created widespread interest, not only throughout England and Europe, but in America, where also there were those who were ready to believe the gently compresses the eloquent lips. that fairly well satisfies the popular ideal of England's